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CLI: Teaching the CLI to flash binaries (#16584)

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Co-authored-by: Ryan <fauxpark@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Sergey Vlasov <sigprof@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Joel Challis <git@zvecr.com>
Co-authored-by: Nick Brassel <nick@tzarc.org>
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Erovia 2022-08-20 06:39:19 +01:00 • committed by GitHub
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17
docs/cli_commands.md
View file

@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ This command is similar to `qmk compile`, but can also target a bootloader. The
This command is directory aware. It will automatically fill in KEYBOARD and/or KEYMAP if you are in a keyboard or keymap directory.
This command can also flash binary firmware files (hex or bin) such as the ones produced by [Configurator](https://config.qmk.fm).
**Usage for Configurator Exports**:
```
@ -102,6 +104,21 @@ qmk flash [-bl <bootloader>] [-c] [-e <var>=<value>] [-j <num_jobs>] <configurat
qmk flash -kb <keyboard_name> -km <keymap_name> [-bl <bootloader>] [-c] [-e <var>=<value>] [-j <num_jobs>]
```
**Usage for pre-compiled firmwares**:
**Note**: The microcontroller needs to be specified (`-m` argument) for keyboards with the following bootloaders:
* HalfKay
* QMK HID
* USBaspLoader
ISP flashing is also supported with the following flashers and require the microcontroller to be specified:
* USBasp
* USBtinyISP
```
qmk flash [-m <microcontroller>] <compiledFirmware.[bin|hex]>
```
**Listing the Bootloaders**
```

1
lib/python/qmk/cli/__init__.py
View file

@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from milc.questions import yesno
import_names = {
# A mapping of package name to importable name
'pep8-naming': 'pep8ext_naming',
'pyserial': 'serial',
'pyusb': 'usb.core',
'qmk-dotty-dict': 'dotty_dict',
'pillow': 'PIL'

57
lib/python/qmk/cli/doctor/linux.py
View file

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
from milc import cli
from qmk.constants import QMK_FIRMWARE
from qmk.constants import QMK_FIRMWARE, BOOTLOADER_VIDS_PIDS
from .check import CheckStatus
@ -26,6 +26,18 @@ def _udev_rule(vid, pid=None, *args):
return rule
def _generate_desired_rules(bootloader_vids_pids):
rules = dict()
for bl in bootloader_vids_pids.keys():
rules[bl] = set()
for vid_pid in bootloader_vids_pids[bl]:
if bl == 'caterina' or bl == 'md-boot':
rules[bl].add(_udev_rule(vid_pid[0], vid_pid[1], 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'))
else:
rules[bl].add(_udev_rule(vid_pid[0], vid_pid[1]))
return rules
def _deprecated_udev_rule(vid, pid=None):
""" Helper function that return udev rules
@ -47,47 +59,8 @@ def check_udev_rules():
Path("/run/udev/rules.d/"),
Path("/etc/udev/rules.d/"),
]
desired_rules = {
'atmel-dfu': {
_udev_rule("03eb", "2fef"), # ATmega16U2
_udev_rule("03eb", "2ff0"), # ATmega32U2
_udev_rule("03eb", "2ff3"), # ATmega16U4
_udev_rule("03eb", "2ff4"), # ATmega32U4
_udev_rule("03eb", "2ff9"), # AT90USB64
_udev_rule("03eb", "2ffa"), # AT90USB162
_udev_rule("03eb", "2ffb") # AT90USB128
},
'kiibohd': {_udev_rule("1c11", "b007")},
'stm32': {
_udev_rule("1eaf", "0003"), # STM32duino
_udev_rule("0483", "df11") # STM32 DFU
},
'bootloadhid': {_udev_rule("16c0", "05df")},
'usbasploader': {_udev_rule("16c0", "05dc")},
'massdrop': {_udev_rule("03eb", "6124", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"')},
'caterina': {
# Spark Fun Electronics
_udev_rule("1b4f", "9203", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # Pro Micro 3V3/8MHz
_udev_rule("1b4f", "9205", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # Pro Micro 5V/16MHz
_udev_rule("1b4f", "9207", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # LilyPad 3V3/8MHz (and some Pro Micro clones)
# Pololu Electronics
_udev_rule("1ffb", "0101", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # A-Star 32U4
# Arduino SA
_udev_rule("2341", "0036", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # Leonardo
_udev_rule("2341", "0037", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # Micro
# Adafruit Industries LLC
_udev_rule("239a", "000c", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # Feather 32U4
_udev_rule("239a", "000d", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # ItsyBitsy 32U4 3V3/8MHz
_udev_rule("239a", "000e", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # ItsyBitsy 32U4 5V/16MHz
# dog hunter AG
_udev_rule("2a03", "0036", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"'), # Leonardo
_udev_rule("2a03", "0037", 'ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"') # Micro
},
'hid-bootloader': {
_udev_rule("03eb", "2067"), # QMK HID
_udev_rule("16c0", "0478") # PJRC halfkay
}
}
desired_rules = _generate_desired_rules(BOOTLOADER_VIDS_PIDS)
# These rules are no longer recommended, only use them to check for their presence.
deprecated_rules = {

116
lib/python/qmk/cli/flash.py
View file

@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ You can compile a keymap already in the repo or using a QMK Configurator export.
A bootloader must be specified.
"""
from subprocess import DEVNULL
import sys
from argcomplete.completers import FilesCompleter
from milc import cli
@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ import qmk.path
from qmk.decorators import automagic_keyboard, automagic_keymap
from qmk.commands import compile_configurator_json, create_make_command, parse_configurator_json
from qmk.keyboard import keyboard_completer, keyboard_folder
from qmk.flashers import flasher
def print_bootloader_help():
@ -38,9 +40,10 @@ def print_bootloader_help():
cli.echo('For more info, visit https://docs.qmk.fm/#/flashing')
@cli.argument('filename', nargs='?', arg_only=True, type=qmk.path.FileType('r'), completer=FilesCompleter('.json'), help='The configurator export JSON to compile.')
@cli.argument('filename', nargs='?', arg_only=True, type=qmk.path.FileType('r'), completer=FilesCompleter('.json'), help='A configurator export JSON to be compiled and flashed or a pre-compiled binary firmware file (bin/hex) to be flashed.')
@cli.argument('-b', '--bootloaders', action='store_true', help='List the available bootloaders.')
@cli.argument('-bl', '--bootloader', default='flash', help='The flash command, corresponding to qmk\'s make options of bootloaders.')
@cli.argument('-m', '--mcu', help='The MCU name. Required for HalfKay, HID, USBAspLoader and ISP flashing.')
@cli.argument('-km', '--keymap', help='The keymap to build a firmware for. Use this if you dont have a configurator file. Ignored when a configurator file is supplied.')
@cli.argument('-kb', '--keyboard', type=keyboard_folder, completer=keyboard_completer, help='The keyboard to build a firmware for. Use this if you dont have a configurator file. Ignored when a configurator file is supplied.')
@cli.argument('-n', '--dry-run', arg_only=True, action='store_true', help="Don't actually build, just show the make command to be run.")
@ -53,6 +56,8 @@ def print_bootloader_help():
def flash(cli):
"""Compile and or flash QMK Firmware or keyboard/layout
If a binary firmware is supplied, try to flash that.
If a Configurator JSON export is supplied this command will create a new keymap. Keymap and Keyboard arguments
will be ignored.
@ -60,56 +65,69 @@ def flash(cli):
If bootloader is omitted the make system will use the configured bootloader for that keyboard.
"""
if cli.args.clean and not cli.args.filename and not cli.args.dry_run:
if cli.config.flash.keyboard and cli.config.flash.keymap:
command = create_make_command(cli.config.flash.keyboard, cli.config.flash.keymap, 'clean')
cli.run(command, capture_output=False, stdin=DEVNULL)
if cli.args.filename and cli.args.filename.suffix in ['.bin', '.hex']:
# Try to flash binary firmware
cli.echo('Flashing binary firmware...\nPlease reset your keyboard into bootloader mode now!\nPress Ctrl-C to exit.\n')
try:
err, msg = flasher(cli.args.mcu, cli.args.filename)
if err:
cli.log.error(msg)
return False
except KeyboardInterrupt:
cli.log.info('Ctrl-C was pressed, exiting...')
sys.exit(0)
else:
if cli.args.clean and not cli.args.filename and not cli.args.dry_run:
if cli.config.flash.keyboard and cli.config.flash.keymap:
command = create_make_command(cli.config.flash.keyboard, cli.config.flash.keymap, 'clean')
cli.run(command, capture_output=False, stdin=DEVNULL)
# Build the environment vars
envs = {}
for env in cli.args.env:
if '=' in env:
key, value = env.split('=', 1)
envs[key] = value
else:
cli.log.warning('Invalid environment variable: %s', env)
# Determine the compile command
command = ''
if cli.args.bootloaders:
# Provide usage and list bootloaders
cli.echo('usage: qmk flash [-h] [-b] [-n] [-kb KEYBOARD] [-km KEYMAP] [-bl BOOTLOADER] [filename]')
print_bootloader_help()
return False
if cli.args.filename:
# Handle compiling a configurator JSON
user_keymap = parse_configurator_json(cli.args.filename)
keymap_path = qmk.path.keymap(user_keymap['keyboard'])
command = compile_configurator_json(user_keymap, cli.args.bootloader, parallel=cli.config.flash.parallel, **envs)
cli.log.info('Wrote keymap to {fg_cyan}%s/%s/keymap.c', keymap_path, user_keymap['keymap'])
# Build the environment vars
envs = {}
for env in cli.args.env:
if '=' in env:
key, value = env.split('=', 1)
envs[key] = value
else:
cli.log.warning('Invalid environment variable: %s', env)
if cli.config.flash.keyboard and cli.config.flash.keymap:
# Generate the make command for a specific keyboard/keymap.
command = create_make_command(cli.config.flash.keyboard, cli.config.flash.keymap, cli.args.bootloader, parallel=cli.config.flash.parallel, **envs)
# Determine the compile command
command = ''
elif not cli.config.flash.keyboard:
cli.log.error('Could not determine keyboard!')
elif not cli.config.flash.keymap:
cli.log.error('Could not determine keymap!')
if cli.args.bootloaders:
# Provide usage and list bootloaders
cli.echo('usage: qmk flash [-h] [-b] [-n] [-kb KEYBOARD] [-km KEYMAP] [-bl BOOTLOADER] [filename]')
print_bootloader_help()
return False
# Compile the firmware, if we're able to
if command:
cli.log.info('Compiling keymap with {fg_cyan}%s', ' '.join(command))
if not cli.args.dry_run:
cli.echo('\n')
compile = cli.run(command, capture_output=False, stdin=DEVNULL)
return compile.returncode
if cli.args.filename:
# Handle compiling a configurator JSON
user_keymap = parse_configurator_json(cli.args.filename)
keymap_path = qmk.path.keymap(user_keymap['keyboard'])
command = compile_configurator_json(user_keymap, cli.args.bootloader, parallel=cli.config.flash.parallel, **envs)
cli.log.info('Wrote keymap to {fg_cyan}%s/%s/keymap.c', keymap_path, user_keymap['keymap'])
else:
if cli.config.flash.keyboard and cli.config.flash.keymap:
# Generate the make command for a specific keyboard/keymap.
command = create_make_command(cli.config.flash.keyboard, cli.config.flash.keymap, cli.args.bootloader, parallel=cli.config.flash.parallel, **envs)
elif not cli.config.flash.keyboard:
cli.log.error('Could not determine keyboard!')
elif not cli.config.flash.keymap:
cli.log.error('Could not determine keymap!')
# Compile the firmware, if we're able to
if command:
cli.log.info('Compiling keymap with {fg_cyan}%s', ' '.join(command))
if not cli.args.dry_run:
cli.echo('\n')
compile = cli.run(command, capture_output=False, stdin=DEVNULL)
return compile.returncode
else:
cli.log.error('You must supply a configurator export, both `--keyboard` and `--keymap`, or be in a directory for a keyboard or keymap.')
cli.echo('usage: qmk flash [-h] [-b] [-n] [-kb KEYBOARD] [-km KEYMAP] [-bl BOOTLOADER] [filename]')
return False
else:
cli.log.error('You must supply a configurator export, both `--keyboard` and `--keymap`, or be in a directory for a keyboard or keymap.')
cli.echo('usage: qmk flash [-h] [-b] [-n] [-kb KEYBOARD] [-km KEYMAP] [-bl BOOTLOADER] [filename]')
return False

48
lib/python/qmk/constants.py
View file

@ -64,6 +64,54 @@ LEGACY_KEYCODES = { # Comment here is to force multiline formatting
'RESET': 'QK_BOOT'
}
# Map VID:PID values to bootloaders
BOOTLOADER_VIDS_PIDS = {
'atmel-dfu': {
("03eb", "2fef"), # ATmega16U2
("03eb", "2ff0"), # ATmega32U2
("03eb", "2ff3"), # ATmega16U4
("03eb", "2ff4"), # ATmega32U4
("03eb", "2ff9"), # AT90USB64
("03eb", "2ffa"), # AT90USB162
("03eb", "2ffb") # AT90USB128
},
'kiibohd': {("1c11", "b007")},
'stm32-dfu': {
("1eaf", "0003"), # STM32duino
("0483", "df11") # STM32 DFU
},
'apm32-dfu': {("314b", "0106")},
'gd32v-dfu': {("28e9", "0189")},
'bootloadhid': {("16c0", "05df")},
'usbasploader': {("16c0", "05dc")},
'usbtinyisp': {("1782", "0c9f")},
'md-boot': {("03eb", "6124")},
'caterina': {
# pid.codes shared PID
("1209", "9203"), # Keyboardio Atreus 2 Bootloader
# Spark Fun Electronics
("1b4f", "9203"), # Pro Micro 3V3/8MHz
("1b4f", "9205"), # Pro Micro 5V/16MHz
("1b4f", "9207"), # LilyPad 3V3/8MHz (and some Pro Micro clones)
# Pololu Electronics
("1ffb", "0101"), # A-Star 32U4
# Arduino SA
("2341", "0036"), # Leonardo
("2341", "0037"), # Micro
# Adafruit Industries LLC
("239a", "000c"), # Feather 32U4
("239a", "000d"), # ItsyBitsy 32U4 3V3/8MHz
("239a", "000e"), # ItsyBitsy 32U4 5V/16MHz
# dog hunter AG
("2a03", "0036"), # Leonardo
("2a03", "0037") # Micro
},
'hid-bootloader': {
("03eb", "2067"), # QMK HID
("16c0", "0478") # PJRC halfkay
}
}
# Common format strings
DATE_FORMAT = '%Y-%m-%d'
DATETIME_FORMAT = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z'

203
lib/python/qmk/flashers.py Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
import shutil
import time
import os
import signal
import usb.core
from qmk.constants import BOOTLOADER_VIDS_PIDS
from milc import cli
# yapf: disable
_PID_TO_MCU = {
'2fef': 'atmega16u2',
'2ff0': 'atmega32u2',
'2ff3': 'atmega16u4',
'2ff4': 'atmega32u4',
'2ff9': 'at90usb64',
'2ffa': 'at90usb162',
'2ffb': 'at90usb128'
}
AVRDUDE_MCU = {
'atmega32a': 'm32',
'atmega328p': 'm328p',
'atmega328': 'm328',
}
# yapf: enable
class DelayedKeyboardInterrupt:
# Custom interrupt handler to delay the processing of Ctrl-C
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/21919644
def __enter__(self):
self.signal_received = False
self.old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.handler)
def handler(self, sig, frame):
self.signal_received = (sig, frame)
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.old_handler)
if self.signal_received:
self.old_handler(*self.signal_received)
# TODO: Make this more generic, so cli/doctor/check.py and flashers.py can share the code
def _check_dfu_programmer_version():
# Return True if version is higher than 0.7.0: supports '--force'
check = cli.run(['dfu-programmer', '--version'], combined_output=True, timeout=5)
first_line = check.stdout.split('\n')[0]
version_number = first_line.split()[1]
maj, min_, bug = version_number.split('.')
if int(maj) >= 0 and int(min_) >= 7:
return True
else:
return False
def _find_bootloader():
# To avoid running forever in the background, only look for bootloaders for 10min
start_time = time.time()
while time.time() - start_time < 600:
for bl in BOOTLOADER_VIDS_PIDS:
for vid, pid in BOOTLOADER_VIDS_PIDS[bl]:
vid_hex = int(f'0x{vid}', 0)
pid_hex = int(f'0x{pid}', 0)
with DelayedKeyboardInterrupt():
# PyUSB does not like to be interrupted by Ctrl-C
# therefore we catch the interrupt with a custom handler
# and only process it once pyusb finished
dev = usb.core.find(idVendor=vid_hex, idProduct=pid_hex)
if dev:
if bl == 'atmel-dfu':
details = _PID_TO_MCU[pid]
elif bl == 'caterina':
details = (vid_hex, pid_hex)
elif bl == 'hid-bootloader':
if vid == '16c0' and pid == '0478':
details = 'halfkay'
else:
details = 'qmk-hid'
elif bl == 'stm32-dfu' or bl == 'apm32-dfu' or bl == 'gd32v-dfu' or bl == 'kiibohd':
details = (vid, pid)
else:
details = None
return (bl, details)
time.sleep(0.1)
return (None, None)
def _find_serial_port(vid, pid):
if 'windows' in cli.platform.lower():
from serial.tools.list_ports_windows import comports
platform = 'windows'
else:
from serial.tools.list_ports_posix import comports
platform = 'posix'
start_time = time.time()
# Caterina times out after 8 seconds
while time.time() - start_time < 8:
for port in comports():
port, desc, hwid = port
if f'{vid:04x}:{pid:04x}' in hwid.casefold():
if platform == 'windows':
time.sleep(1)
return port
else:
start_time = time.time()
# Wait until the port becomes writable before returning
while time.time() - start_time < 8:
if os.access(port, os.W_OK):
return port
else:
time.sleep(0.5)
return None
return None
def _flash_caterina(details, file):
port = _find_serial_port(details[0], details[1])
if port:
cli.run(['avrdude', '-p', 'atmega32u4', '-c', 'avr109', '-U', f'flash:w:{file}:i', '-P', port], capture_output=False)
return False
else:
return True
def _flash_atmel_dfu(mcu, file):
force = '--force' if _check_dfu_programmer_version() else ''
cli.run(['dfu-programmer', mcu, 'erase', force], capture_output=False)
cli.run(['dfu-programmer', mcu, 'flash', force, file], capture_output=False)
cli.run(['dfu-programmer', mcu, 'reset'], capture_output=False)
def _flash_hid_bootloader(mcu, details, file):
if details == 'halfkay':
if shutil.which('teensy-loader-cli'):
cmd = 'teensy-loader-cli'
elif shutil.which('teensy_loader_cli'):
cmd = 'teensy_loader_cli'
# Use 'hid_bootloader_cli' for QMK HID and as a fallback for HalfKay
if not cmd:
if shutil.which('hid_bootloader_cli'):
cmd = 'hid_bootloader_cli'
else:
return True
cli.run([cmd, f'-mmcu={mcu}', '-w', '-v', file], capture_output=False)
def _flash_dfu_util(details, file):
# STM32duino
if details[0] == '1eaf' and details[1] == '0003':
cli.run(['dfu-util', '-a', '2', '-d', f'{details[0]}:{details[1]}', '-R', '-D', file], capture_output=False)
# kiibohd
elif details[0] == '1c11' and details[1] == 'b007':
cli.run(['dfu-util', '-a', '0', '-d', f'{details[0]}:{details[1]}', '-D', file], capture_output=False)
# STM32, APM32, or GD32V DFU
else:
cli.run(['dfu-util', '-a', '0', '-d', f'{details[0]}:{details[1]}', '-s', '0x08000000:leave', '-D', file], capture_output=False)
def _flash_isp(mcu, programmer, file):
programmer = 'usbasp' if programmer == 'usbasploader' else 'usbtiny'
# Check if the provide mcu has an avrdude-specific name, otherwise pass on what the user provided
mcu = AVRDUDE_MCU.get(mcu, mcu)
cli.run(['avrdude', '-p', mcu, '-c', programmer, '-U', f'flash:w:{file}:i'], capture_output=False)
def _flash_mdloader(file):
cli.run(['mdloader', '--first', '--download', file, '--restart'], capture_output=False)
def flasher(mcu, file):
bl, details = _find_bootloader()
# Add a small sleep to avoid race conditions
time.sleep(1)
if bl == 'atmel-dfu':
_flash_atmel_dfu(details, file.name)
elif bl == 'caterina':
if _flash_caterina(details, file.name):
return (True, "The Caterina bootloader was found but is not writable. Check 'qmk doctor' output for advice.")
elif bl == 'hid-bootloader':
if mcu:
if _flash_hid_bootloader(mcu, details, file.name):
return (True, "Please make sure 'teensy_loader_cli' or 'hid_bootloader_cli' is available on your system.")
else:
return (True, "Specifying the MCU with '-m' is necessary for HalfKay/HID bootloaders!")
elif bl == 'stm32-dfu' or bl == 'apm32-dfu' or bl == 'gd32v-dfu' or bl == 'kiibohd':
_flash_dfu_util(details, file.name)
elif bl == 'usbasploader' or bl == 'usbtinyisp':
if mcu:
_flash_isp(mcu, bl, file.name)
else:
return (True, "Specifying the MCU with '-m' is necessary for ISP flashing!")
elif bl == 'md-boot':
_flash_mdloader(file.name)
else:
return (True, "Known bootloader found but flashing not currently supported!")
return (False, None)

1
requirements.txt
View file

@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ hjson
jsonschema>=4
milc>=1.4.2
pygments
pyserial
pyusb
qmk-dotty-dict
pillow

9
util/udev/50-qmk.rules
View file

@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="05df", TAG+="uacc
# USBAspLoader
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="05dc", TAG+="uaccess"
# USBtinyISP
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1782", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0c9f", TAG+="uaccess"
# ModemManager should ignore the following devices
# Atmel SAM-BA (Massdrop)
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="6124", TAG+="uaccess", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"
@ -72,3 +75,9 @@ KERNEL=="hidraw*", MODE="0660", GROUP="plugdev", TAG+="uaccess", TAG+="udev-acl"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2067", TAG+="uaccess"
## PJRC's HalfKay
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="16c0", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0478", TAG+="uaccess"
# APM32 DFU
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="314b", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0106", TAG+="uaccess"
# GD32V DFU
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="28e9", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0189", TAG+="uaccess"